Atlantic Storm Scenario Assumptions - Center for = Biosecurity of UPMC - Bioterrorism, Biodefense, Public Health = Preparedness

home=20

CENTER

missio= n=20
program = staff=20
contac= t=20 information=20
newsr= oom=20

BW=20 = AGENTS

anthra= x=20
botul= ism=20
plague<= /A>=20
small= pox=20
tula= remia=20
vhf=20

PUBLICATIONS

RESOURCES

he= arings=20
= leadership=20 guide
boo= k=20 reviews=20
rea= ding=20 list=20
in= ternet=20 resources

EVENTS

upcom= ing=20 events=20
natio= nal=20 symposia=20
people's role=20 =

Atlantic Storm

Atlantic Storm Scenario Assumptions

Distributed at end of exercise =96 January 14, 2005

Exercise=20 Background=20
Method=20 of Smallpox Attacks=20
BW=20 Laboratory Discovered in Austria=20
Smallpox=20 Attacks: Sites and Rationale for Attack Size=20
Smallpox=20 Epidemiology Assumptions=20
Process=20 for Acquiring and Vetting Smallpox Response Plans and Vaccine=20 Stockpiles

I. Exercise Background:

Premise

An informal group of international leaders was scheduled to = meet in=20 Washington, DC, on January 14, 2005, for a =93Transatlantic = Security Summit=94=20 on international cooperation on preparing and responding to WMD = terrorism.=20 On the eve of the summit, it became apparent that people from = several=20 European countries were infected with smallpox. Before returning = to their=20 home nations to manage the crisis, the assembled leaders agreed to = convene=20 an emergency meeting to address the steps the transatlantic = community=20 could take to respond to the crisis.

The exercise was designed to run in real time in the real world = of=20 January 14, 2005. No other artificial political or economic = context was=20 added.

World Leaders in Attendance:

Prime Minister of Canada
President of the European=20 Commission
Chancellor of the Federal Republic of = Germany
President=20 of France
Prime Minister of Italy
Prime Minister of the=20 Netherlands
Prime Minister of Poland
Prime Minister of=20 Sweden
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
President of the = United=20 States
Director General, World Health Organization

return=20 to top

II. Method of = Smallpox Attacks

Smallpox Biological Weapon:

Seed stocks of Variola major virus (the causative agent of = smallpox)=20 were obtained by Al-Jihad Al-Jadid from a bioweapons facility in = the=20 former Soviet Union.

The Al-Jihad Al-Jadid scientists = received=20 microbiological training at Indian and U.S. universities. These = scientists=20 received additional training when the group hired a scientist who = was part=20 of the former Soviet Union=92s offensive biological weapons = program. This=20 scientist taught the Al-Jihad Al-Jadid scientists how to grow a = number of=20 biological agents, including variola major, Bacillus = anthracis,=20 Ebola virus, and Burkholderia mallei (glanders). The = terrorist=20 group combined this knowledge with publicly available technical=20 information to develop dry powder preparations of the viruses. = Then, with=20 their own microbiology training, the terrorist group was able to = acquire=20 all the required laboratory equipment to grow and process the = Variola=20 major seed stock they had acquired into a relatively high-quality = dry=20 powder that was then used in the attacks.

The attacks were carried out by vaccinated terrorists who = walked=20 throughout the target locations for several hours during periods = of peak=20 occupancy. A commercially available dry powder dispenser the size = of a=20 small fire extinguisher hidden in a backpack was used to = disseminate the=20 agent.

Based on reports from Russian scientists, variola viral = stocks are=20 believed to exist in at least two and possibly three of the = former=20 biological weapons laboratories in the former Soviet Union. Many = of=20 those who once worked in these laboratories are now working in = other=20 countries, but little information is available as to where they = are or=20 what they are doing.1=20
The former Soviet Union made smallpox biological weapons in=20 industrial-scale (i.e., tens and hundreds of tons) quantities.2=20
Smallpox virus can be grown in embryonated eggs and a = variety of=20 tissue cell culture systems.=20
If one were to make a dried powder preparation of a virus, = one would=20 have several sources for information on methods. Variola virus = can be=20 processed to a stable dried form just as vaccinia virus is dried = to make=20 a vaccine. There is a significant amount of open source = technical=20 information on the creation of dry powder bioaerosols.=20
There are many commercial freeze-dryers available; a simple = internet=20 search will pull up a bench-top model that would be adequate.=20
The amount of smallpox virions required to infect humans is = presumed=20 to be very low.3,4=20
Disseminating bioaerosols via dry powder dispensers and = sprayers is=20 possible, and a number of these devices are commercially = available.=20

return=20 to top

III. BW Laboratory = Discovered in=20 Austria

This laboratory was disguised as a small brewery in Klagenfurt, = Austria. The facility contained seed stocks of the smallpox and = Ebola=20 viruses and the Bacillus anthracis bacterium. The = laboratory=20 contained all the equipment required for a modern =

microbiology=20 laboratory, including: incubators, fermenters, freezers, and=20 biocontainment cabinets, as well as instruments and reagents = required for=20 modern molecular biology techniques and genetic engineering. All = of this=20 laboratory equipment is entirely dual-use, is available on the = open=20 market, and could be housed in a building as small as a 3-car = garage.

return=20 to top

IV. Smallpox Attacks: = Sites and=20 Rationale for Attack Size

Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Date of=20 attack: January 2, 2005
Attack site:=20 Frankfurt Airport
Number of infected:=20 16,000
Rationale: 131,500 people go through = Frankfurt=20 airport on an average day. Holiday traffic could be as much as 50% = higher.=20 5

Rotterdam, Netherlands
Date of=20 attack: January 2, 2005
Attack site: = RET=20 Metro System
Number of infected:=20 8,000
Rationale: The Rotterdam Metro has two = lines,=20 the Ersamus line (110,000 people per day) and the Caland line = (119,000=20 people per day). The Caland line includes the Pernis stop, which = serves=20 the Port of Rotterdam. 6

Warsaw, Poland
Date of = attack:=20 January 2, 2005
Attack site: Metro Warszawskie =
Number of infected:=20 12,000
Rationale: 280,000 passengers per day = 7

Los Angeles, USA
Date of = attack:=20 January 4, 2005
Attack site: Los Angeles = International=20 Airport
Number infected:=20 16,000
Rationale: 150,000 passengers per day; = holiday=20 traffic could be as much as 50% higher. 8

New York City, USA
Date of = attack:=20 January 4, 2005
Attack site: Penn Station=20
Number of infected:=20 24,000
Rationale: An estimated 600,000 people = travel=20 through Penn Station each day. 9

Istanbul, Turkey
Date of=20 attack: January 1, 2005
Attack site: = Grand=20 Bazaar
Number of infected:=20 8,000
Rationale: The Grand Bazaar of Istanbul = is a=20 covered market with 5,000 shops. It has 25,000 employees and = 250,000=20 visitors per day. 10

return=20 to top

V. Smallpox = Epidemiology=20 Assumptions

Total Infected During Attacks: 76,000

8,000 infected in Istanbul on January 1 = (Grand=20 Bazaar)=20
16,000 infected in Frankfurt on January 2=20 (Frankfurt Airport)=20
8,000 infected in Rotterdam on January 2 = (Metro)=20
12,000 infected in Warsaw on January 2 = (Metro)=20
16,000 infected Los Angeles on January 4 = (LAX=20 airport)=20
24,000 infected in New York on January 4 = (Penn=20 Station)

Epidemiological curve for the emergence of smallpox cases was = based on:=20 Figure 4.7, in Fenner, et al., Smallpox and Its = Eradication:

It was assumed that smallpox symptoms began (as early as 7 = days=20 after infection) with 2 days of fever, followed by a rash. 11=20
It was assumed that initial diagnoses in European countries = on=20 January 13 were made in people who had at least day 3 of rash. = This=20 assumption is based on pictures in Fenner, et al.,12=20 and the expert medical opinion of the Center for Biosecurity=92s = medical=20 doctors, including Dr. D. A. Henderson.=20
It was assumed that by January 14, numbers of suspect = smallpox cases=20 would begin to reflect reports of smallpox cases in much earlier = stages=20 of development (day 1, 2, or 3 of rash). Once the attacks are=20 recognized, smallpox will be suspected in people who exhibit = rash or=20 fever but are in fact not infected with smallpox.

Accumulation of cases from 9 AM to 1:30 PM on January = 14 (start=20 to end of exercise) was calculated as follows:

It was assumed that by 1:35 PM EST on January 14, between = 10% and=20 30% of patients with day one rash and beyond would be reported = to health=20 authorities.=20
These reports would include some =93false positive=94 cases. =

Calculations of final casualties and deaths for the = final=20 video

We assumed a 25% case fatality rate. We assumed a modest = decrease in=20 the historic case fatality rate of 30% due to access to modern = health care=20 for some victims and some degree of residual immunity in a modest = number=20 of adults vaccinated before 1980.

Person-to-person spread in the first generation of cases was = 1:3 in=20 all countries. 13=20
Person-to-person spread in second generation was 1:0.25=20
- This lower transmission rate is used because highly = effective=20 disease control measures had been established by mid-February, = including access to vaccine sufficient to vaccinate millions = of=20 contacts and health-care workers in all the countries that = were=20 attacked.=20
- It was assumed that leaders of countries with large = vaccine=20 stockpiles would share vaccine with affected countries that = had small=20 vaccine stockpiles.=20
- It also presumed that large-scale vaccination would begin = to take=20 place within days after January 14 and that countries would = impose=20 strict isolation of cases and that residents in affected = countries=20 would self-impose an increased social distance (e.g., = cancellation of=20 big public events).
The spread and fatality assumptions were necessary to create = a final=20 video that depicted a possible outcome of the players=92 = decisions. The=20 Atlantic Storm participants may have chosen different = actions=20 than what exercise designers believed they would take. =

Site of = Attacks	1st Generation: visible by ~Jan=20 21	2nd Generation: visible from = ~Jan 21-Feb=20 3 (rate of spread =3D 1:3)	3rd Generation: ~Feb 3-Feb = 28 (rate of=20 spread =3D 1:0.25)	Cumulative cases/deaths by end = of=20 February
U.S.	40,000	120,000	30,000	190,000/47,500
Netherlands	8,000	24,000	6,000	38,000/9,500
Germany	16,000	48,000	12,000	76,000/6,250
Poland	12,000	36,000	9,000	57,000/14,500
Turkey	8,000	24,000	6,000	38,000/9,500

return=20 to top

VI. Process for = Acquiring and=20 Vetting Smallpox Response Plans and Vaccine Stockpiles

Methodology for Summarizing National Smallpox Response=20 Plans

Atlantic Storm was designed to illustrate the = challenges of=20 mounting an effective international response to bioterrorism. It = was not=20 intended to test individual nations=92 bioterrorism response = plans. However,=20 the people playing the roles of national leaders needed to be = briefed on=20 their nations=92 plans. Therefore, the smallpox response plans for = the=20 nations involved in the exercise were summarized by the exercise = design=20 team. All the summaries distributed during the exercise were = reviewed by=20 knowledgeable experts from the respective nations. From these = summaries,=20 one-page briefing memos were prepared for each participant.

Methodology for Determining Sizes of National Vaccine=20 Stockpiles

Vaccine stocks for countries were determined in the following = manner:=20 First, a search of open source literature was performed by the = Atlantic=20 Storm team to determine current country stockpiles. Members of the = Atlantic Storm team then communicated with officials from the = World Health=20 Organization, commercial sources, and other knowledgeable experts = to=20 assess the status of global national vaccine stocks.

Population figures were gathered from the CIA World Fact = book in=20 December 2004.=20
Countries that specifically stated they had sufficient = vaccine=20 supplies to vaccinate their populations were assumed to have a = number of=20 vaccine doses equal to or greater than their country=92s = population.=20
Reports of vaccine orders were assumed to be filled unless = there was=20 specific information to the contrary.=20
For this exercise, we assumed that nations have sufficient=20 bifurcated needles to administer vaccine, regardless of how much = the=20 vaccine was diluted.

return=20 to top

Alibek K,=20 Handelman S. Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the = Largest=20 Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World=97Told from = Inside by the=20 Man Who Ran It. New York: Random House; 1999.=20
Ibid.=20
Henderson DA, et al. Smallpox as a biological weapon: medical and = public health=20 management. JAMA 1999;281(22): 2127=9637.=20
Wehrle PF, et al. An airborne outbreak of smallpox in a = German=20 hospital and its significance with respect to other recent = outbreaks in=20 Europe.. Bull World Health Organ 1970;43(5):669=9679.=20
World=92s Busiest Airports by Passengers and = Cargo,=20 2003. Accessed December 30, 2004.=20
RET Metro. Accessed December 30, 2004.=20
Metro Warszawskie Sp. Z O.O. Accessed = December 30,=20 2004.=20
World=92s Busiest Airports by Passengers and = Cargo,=20 2003. Accessed December 30, 2004.=20
CCA Innovation. Accessed January 4, 2005.=20
Retail Real Estate Summitt 2005. Accessed = January 5,=20 2005 requires Acrobat Reader.=20
Fenner F, Henderson DA, Arita I, Jezek Z, Ladnyi ID. = Smallpox and=20 Its Eradication. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; = 1988:1460.=20
Ibid.=20
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. What We Learn about Smallpox from Movies =96 = Fact or=20 Fiction? Accessed January 5, 2005.

return=20 to top

------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/upmc_biosecurity_text.gif R0lGODlhUQEnAKIAAABmAP///4CzgD+MP7/Zvx95H1+fX9Dj0CH5BAQUAP8ALAAAAABRAScAAAP/ GLrc/jDKSau9OOvNu/9gKI5kaZ5oqq5s675wLM90bd94ru987//AoHCIOhCOxKQSJhgMAICB4aAQ WAXLE6EAhQ5i17BYQIg8vVlZF4B9bddrQ6D7TY8E8Ggsz4e2G2d6di9rfyx4fVAGdDNNOFxdBU57 iXlygIyDLoUQBHUiiF0GRwQCkJkvBpA3BGtljU2RYaqumGiaLZwNtAAkpwCvDIuom12sazehnwoH p5e4QMigug6ny7nGNsrJxArDgtA/0iGnBRHbDbFQBVPpYlRNTgOGAaWhbFdUDAS8AKPuYagcMCBF gpVABa44UAeAnT4GY6o4ofcAHURUYygq4GdN/yMzWg4PWAkGMdA8gwMKSMKSz16YBWOCuRwZYOCk mAvsFconEmeAjPoOUHPQ6taCQHCeBUAK7Fuki4lIOo3DgOmRbrbyLDPVh16eAN88QgUHExXTa976 oP3JBxG9N3we5vzl50wpOJ/y/LnHppkxvWWjFoXThs+reyQbHJBnCKkTakynigrcJ5jTx2bhwCXr gClGvIQZ5BnMhoLFo13+nO28RiUcxa0x+9kX+5dcoX0g3V2TN3QVwr/m+GYruK0Cw7+zYfj26V5Q T5qPBGd2tQupYM6ZnXplhDlvCd3pHAlKNW2Xh9XXDYVwmjiUh+GNJofC3aSw1DnxLzj1hzmDX/9l DORKfOAcEcgfBNJVD3SzUUfadRs5Q4A+uzUUDFIZ4AbFLvopgJRMteSn3H/WjbUVXqSY1o1/VU0m WlIpThBKQlcAuBAxGpa2QI4Xloiaju5dcwqFIZoHzHzXHJgOHAXEuFSHC4wzVi9jNSZlBaEoVQ8x 9r1IH20jboSVlPesdU43RYoZ5nBYVtJXRcTMyJoiUfqYnGp2GtkGiyIeGWRW9NxjzpxA1rmhAzyS +F6LYVLwTWLCHeohlJH6qaaklGn55JfzASCXivKR9kCarWXAFx8DfPrnj/7cuA6rTe44nqFUgikI fw742J6SU0K6aaHHNTopncy4yGqtFgRiwBj/RfJKK0miLunFGNtRZuaZ8rWnAK60isWeeKRwdZ60 ZDnbZ62nSkFPjmOwmOa38v0a6JWsUkTvpejm6R6yFdAVVb0NpBkto24CmaWpcWIlr5eWWqDtN1qe 9u6WI3pmJ2lu1jSxq5yZuyqh9gq7rY+ncOwpBv5WBjDD0NJrsXHzeQtntgqbu7FBWOVI7jITDzxs XPhmnKiM3Xis7c8hY8ohnRpq+iC2ggTi6wMeC0xvKDJTlvXOYw3aALfBcnrB0Wme5jHFStfEkIs6 U3CziYByTTWllUagcyiqBuCMGZlInSylVjd6cJsNjk2Mz8+yjHC8YTdstrGU1epkPdPV7Tbd/xwL SenRCwcs8sj0neE1uQ0z3Mbg+0xedZ7RPvHFYGgZgYTWi3P2LmlyvQ0vZxrneZqcS7cadsvK+d0A KfpAfLyuT+24HudnS+M6uWFB4BfjYK1BXpiwE+wV69LfOi7DVdZ+DZ9GXqP7zLxjCLfz+hYJ+cCo x4yvXN8QOf6+82LfOcNUmJ7nXhMB0sTqI0NRlvcWqDjFceESp1Ee7TDQHtLs5V3rS903mnQdx8ht ARt8SJca1x9igC1HD7EG/BqywijAg00fi9sAj/RAB0xFU8GLhFYUUw4B9MNrFsOCxXq0Dt0cywD9 ONmvNAMqwHSKHU4xhFoqUDA4iBBmP4sCU/9yx5skEm9aSFEKxmTTsJT5IzSnEpvKQMibwp2rdA/Y DB9weD2gZRE/Q3xjx/51R32xj01pJBatvnO5KqaKYOt5mRINlUanJQItGFtPJP3BF5assVJpqqP/ Kmcaz/wjAkkUHkzkQcoyxIOUh8yJAhdCl3aMEpVOyNvxYOmExPADRp2h5dZoCUsyLISWkFpbQqh2 E2tM7ZatmdpAfjEAXy1GFvVAZRk8QUsRVlMxEmTf1hQzOwsgrwaym5obujmIWV1AlkQx5wRkVwF0 1gBv4YinPOcpA0hci574zKc+HWaFau3znwANqMl4J9CCGjSegnLnQRfK0CH0xJcNjahEJ0oL0Ypa 9KIYzehCEwAAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/upmc_logo_small.gif R0lGODlh+gAnALMAAAAzmfX3+5Wq1Vh5vNHa7TFarXeSyLHB3+br9RtJpElttWiGwsHN5oaezv// /6K12iH5BAQUAP8ALAAAAAD6ACcAAAT/0MlJaUBilD0ECVUojmRpnmiqrmzrvrAaEI2SJAWA34XS fLGgcEgsGo/FAEMB2AAajITi0Fs0pQcQcsvter9cglV3EAAMD0WhtrAdBgCAggCu2+94cPTZAAwa GziBBThWAwdxD1p5jI2OjyFmHA0JTQsCZQKYDwZMAJeVT4uQpKWmRmYJBn1yAgyvDQMGf68MDxpx Omejp72+vySIC5RqBhJvgAVLawMPEpQ6s0/AjQEPdNTZIQg3Ag+EBxM0YlMDAwQG2A4EGwYCOQza dwQKAvL3DnCEN+oOBz8PEDRAcA0TBQSEBqgpgABfjAC8ti1w5tABgoYwIEZMEZHBkwWV/+jMIIBg GANvADSVmUOA5LpEiOyVYNDgQa1MGCU88HYgkyZMPX96qCCQ57USBB4ceNDgRwhrBhYYmNogHESi zSgktekgwNJ4FV65SLrxBIKpDWkqpXgALAkEh1w05cVkAcgGXRf0WKhAjaC+ewsMaPgggUIdOUW8 sXHD8ILEUZlIiapXx2S9Uiius3vjU4kcOqS6lfBOTs2dIPuOtph1AsICIhmcC7HTBc2ySKsyAEEg JYEBC6yFKxGggOYVCwaM6h1HCm8FE3U/mL50+itvBpRJgKNrOIkZngbygsguwQeIByrB7oouDt4J 1uIwHEEgVHCsOhRVQATAuwS4x+Vzn/9OWyDQzwiLPLBABQWE09siLVm0mwRaTJQYcRMIYMAofWQH AEW/BZSUByS11FJNF8kGVhQFGOAHbhOwsloFgByUwwAVjOEfArn4R4EslbznmmQHTuCRTK61NoFd CQbgDVMQuTIOBiQxcMAHNRlwAEEBleFAdj9oooQAOa1FB0gBTdCgA5QIxABCU1ACxYgBAPePEg3g qcQwG57E1EmXLICNAsDhoMVvZDKQQzoEvEKDDm/e4pYNnBUZgowl3GLjiwdVogAFHsWx4DawVWIM fGMEWEFfWAXI5ASKmPObMbIgpMhAE70D1yEZkOTkpzVs2QYCZYDg5GC3/AqEBC1KGoD/DwgokE4a SZ3TUAclpcMQO40m4MobNCiAgaB2rZOAVIYZ2QwCip7RkqOpMFCtWwao4uKMl0KaKY5DckpBDgkk 2EYTF7K5YCWjHhOHcjMl/J+S2w3ogCJTOSDAgg0YM0yJU1gZQFOsrXnAghc/55UWCNnDzisOO2Cc S18KEICWDjCwIFwJhBMXFc9eJC49hCkQgFRsGiPbzAW0kYBmsonYlrwGGtjSlcQO4FZ60np7Qh8J 4Asrv/8xwTAFkmEkUBlx+OiAAvEgDB93qm7TagX1HpoFyAqyiZeixrCTkzcUvsOywVr84V20eK18 wKlqjuZOnc68EThDU0wsdAEX/Cyu/0U1vVm0EsYQEot56hIA+GOLDx2rPwZE61Z9PuxiAtde6wS2 RWLzArBrj4XKuARLNOS2BMzNxwKAFTxbj5jR4thJPvz6sJ0PZEJnkQeC6qroQBMbf8w5DQSXXU5R CBr2gtm15AN1wdklxm7AFdZT1zUDx/2wAsyBg0IJ5ERP+BMpgIamAJ00cOIPm/tPO5IGIzbpiwSa 6tfYjjG8zeCOYBS4BLP8MAH+fKoFJVEVsTABAmK96RXsmtBFKLQUBChhNy90YaNc6LF1yIwo8iKP 54jXEoyMxCJXWsebZsgemLEralGzyFRmUaKR9GYNNhgFHGjSvxbVBx39U0VvPqjANf+cq4Euoh8E bxctf60DYOQbFSs0Ey1s5ICLrGhZCpAHCWIVjBTTiVKRPEUIF8pQFtCJwuJg06IoMCA778jCB14D hw2ZIIy1mxgZmaAMA9WrCaPhBPAqmDGMMAGOonIBHR/hgwYyIg01sdQnCYGlYQDHFRhglyJsEkvT JSd8fcMBE/L0yAeOIAObMowGeqAf+LiDQvoYlHc+GaNQghBiF0gMRO4IxIbA6IXbgJop83CBsvSB M/b4EyA8cMIhNkpe8qKCBwAngHO5KG508+VTwrcpOWLFLWZIiT8GMwFKwmphooSYQEgnAb14TZD5 sBSFWAWfWFxpFts8RRQ6IZh1bOn/AIRCp7xu4QpH/WYKJnRAakCiUAq4CAC1G5qQLHIjGEXLf5XA kQYnoA9xyIeaJRjlf1RRQg2UIC4uzJTD6qUOXhJnERHtwgZqELCiAKdFUmMHpOSFjhZ1QDwb+Ib3 SJBPeLK0HwgxowjokaMmgOtHTXhbIk6wrIcFqCT988c3KNQSY7GLbTMoYQ8lBIKLuUZryeuhE+Oh 0oawiw6HVdsXAKE0MpGpBoAYSEuyswAUJhI6xDKdFEDiSBN4sCxUIEpLS4DRCjwgF0YtqA4WESqh 5XSrOl0Hj3ZzpQR0pQECyJiTMKGMKJDkEMMogywsljBEqA23GUDIHxrEDbYdEqNJ/1EFF+3Qm0ts gCDumGUCfvAuE1FiS005RHkuhlIUlPFDIrBVBaQ6wXne7oxxWE0YkXrSlYZgALY9CDTDIa0h2pZb uZXNtXYjrqhIiExpIG4H+yNaK4nPGBWbiEgFZYA3TRcPakjOE86SXYJYsYdVDYiWOEETP4CkvTOp xNIS81FScfCnv1MtirmWvDHcMHkuKgBRJOyaeKQncTpeQow+aLW1RQtJoCNZwgJwLq2wwzWr0Fs+ nFGPJDniiTpCxzA88I0pEACjxpENJn7An8pEkjahkFZuU4PUL5/0DD1JDLskcaVFmAFJ7KJCHLTU D2go4BoXSYonYhxCCuwEBDlTAv8AWiJAdP7ZVtxISoPk9UrMtYECVBDPEuhR4TcBZ8LQw8Cfr6Qo nH7hzRuAhTegwIrw/KMD1/hGKM7QAjGARj72PUtfdr3r0fxGIX1pXek6mBxCKeQP683OZiMjrTTp 9zi5JQx6FpAFjFZ4Ylqi9vuKts6qDCS3ozikTTSxDlmAVxFislk8LjYQmpT0C8X5xG8+5OZVcGLX 1NbEJWgimDRgUJRWqvNTBKuRvcLHVyMZxSgukpNoimAGS+lJSUepEYV3hUIN18LCNU6hjhPlQha3 wC9Y1AYOXIkTukmlSr5shaVRgaAV6UKIYq4N/nRgAwUc0T+elBS97AW/5aV5F0psolihmyI9gkiD FPoCHLvw2uQtP7PRH7LCqQODHnI4MSX2QYgN9OAkOPDDu61O9rK/pZ3uQZNeLuYDNfh7xWaPu9xR QIPOnEEDTDkXaARo6rn7fe7E6kQoBu+DHf798Ii3wAXeBbWgJv7xQo8AADs= ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/gray_dot.gif R0lGODlhAQAeAIAAAP///2ZmZiH5BAQUAP8ALAAAAAABAB4AAAIFhH+By1sAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/clear.gif R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///////yH5BAUUAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw== ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/misc/atlantic_storm/images/figure_4_7.gif R0lGODlhYAKSAbMAAAAAAPDw8L+/mWZmZv///4CAZk1NTYCAgJkzZszMzIyMjKenp+Hh4XMmTf// zL29vSH5BAQUAP8ALAAAAABgApIBAAT/kMhJq7046827/2AojmRpnmiqrmzrvnAsz3Rt33iu73zv /8CgcEgsGo/IpHLJbDqf0Kh0Sq1ar9isdsvter/gsHhMLpvP6LR6zW673/C4fE6v2+/4vH7P7/vb AIGCBIEkCQYACiiFFowMiowVkRKCkzyPG5ULJZYxmBqHiRMBB4EHASGFnSKkpqgmn3+yTasitbYA mbkZlrc6voS5CQCbI8ArwJYDAAEBAAOpucccy83PJ9Oz2j6RqgClBg8LAAYJBOPEE5XBBwfngcWm 5OLk5pTSxPXe6wHL5cGSdklw5q4UA3jPXqHbxKBUIlSMKrWTsFDdoIoUIkKjCG/YpnHm/yoywohw AMRv88b9E5mv3LoJLCcFenUPHL1y/eoB9DbOJEdiBAkYzMhsQilUBOWFUzks37JB79KxS1nPoQKa 27Ky6IaPgTMAXsmNs6bo3j0G7xJ4DBYWrDMDFtkeRLTLGwGf5AAShTpOQbpADA4qAukRkTV3EQWh fUc2LmGpZvWOdeYXWrXJiQo93gRYMNuvYQ1g9gt2rl6Oav8K5Cj6FWDQb/HCtdtZ1Oa+kFkvQLUW 5OvfdANn3rX5M3BmQbUqV8FVb+JKzZ3XxRe5+fPpAAMscHg6MoWnJ80mtmrvusWXO7HHlV5p2UFo 0Acllk4/WPz5MrF3YrAA0YP6M21HG/916ZkFngX8+UeAAZbNpt5LEOr3oCAK2LPchSZYN+Eq89HX oYb34JeLe3YRZUFwHmLH3zLwTRddQPVVt9EkuHG2Wok4EmjeeiVWR+AFOd5DInVBzociBoU8AMBa H0IVoXgTrngNhlTiEleTIFHGI3FLMjnhlS5KGMxX3ZU5Tl/BJHDQR10ScxQhcBl2EFRpaWlWcXEN 81+dicwJFp+kpeWlmqr5mOVwUFJQnDLIXdPkTAOmuaagxJwpyneNQvNVUY8uueZIbdroI6dwVWmq ByDSh05ZPsIET6un5chIKIV41GOIhXjm15x9KfSqdq4QEAo6NAbCqrCIJIDReaIpamz/iK6KAqpU CF0FYC6r0heKhSStRkAr34Qnna1E4tPrTwvo+ucoDp3CUVmd9rptVPFMiI67p+brRzZZ8OuEvx3s ygHA+hZ8IcFVIKyEwkA+Y6EGDBss8cQUV2zxxRhnrPHGHHfs8ccghyzyyCSXbPLJKKes8sost+zy yzDHLPPMNNds880456zzzjz37PPPQAct9NBEF2300UgnrfTSTDft9NNQRy311FRXbfXVWGet9dZc d+3112CHLfbYZJdt9tlop6322my37fbbcMct99x012333XjnrffefPft99+ABy744HC0Y/jhiCeu +OKMN+7445BHLvnklFdu+eWYZ675/+acd+7556ArbnM7D5Ru+umop6766qy37vrrsMcu++y01277 7bjnrvvuvPfu++/Ao+6OxdAoCcB/xv83TAIBHIvBAQ9AH/z01Fdv/fXYZ6/99txrf18gqg9P8Th3 NeOOSaTYt8DDF0gvfffwxy///PTXb//9swMgwP78CxL+xdKgBCEEuLyNPO9978OfAhfIwAY68IH2 +x4ACnC81ImPYgEcYF0mkIBlWEgiwoOgCEdIwhKa8ISlA4ADVshCB0ywgsIDYPn6MUMDPsVblAgh CnfIwx768Ie5U2ELV/jC/1kMW6/CCH+WByQdAvGJUIyiFLP3PdkJcYhFtCDMYFi6BP9O8YtgDKMY Wac//u0PfLG7YguzGMOXcTF6Y4yjHOf4xO9R0IpDJOIdtehGJ9Lxj4AMpALVyEI2vo6QenxjF7fo R0E68pGQtB4iXbhH2E3SkKa7IMve6MVIevKToKTdJSt5yDxSUpHRY+TpOhnKVrrylaNE5epiaUSX cfKVuMxlKGmZRlNicpF9XKUuh0nMQPLSkr4kZSZVmcliOvOZYTxmKfP4y1QGs5nQzKY2fShN13UT mLZs5DbHSU4HfpOMyUSlJld2y3K68529kyAeqanM1p1znSprJzz3yU8r3qee6KSnLFV3T2Z2sZ8I TShB0zlPLAJ0lgzlYziFqdCKJvT/nBAVaEPXCFB8pkyfFg3pOzG6UI320qRtnCg2RcpScpI0dS9F XUGvedCW2lSbMT1dTk03U5XW9KZALeZOUxhRZKJ0lQaFY1CXqsuhKqmo03SoOpPqEAla9apYzapW t8rVrnr1q2ANq1jHStaymvWsZ00nV9W6VbZCx6Mo4+I3mEpXWELVm3e1Z16tebFD+CR5wlpS85DE U6XW9bCedKpi9wrXgpXKMuZTH/vUkTzDIvayglzsUfG6WXBaDC7OGOAAC8gLLrISs6gdo2alutFC djRjw/CLaAXSwSWdB40rTa1uVbvXjLL2pL9NKcbShz4b0ikj4tytcqO4Wo4OFKaM/81YT1ChxPXZ thHJXa5251dF4Dq3tYkE7ylr2TKQbve88SujGXEb1e9617XPlWl0aWpZ9NrXe/+Mr057W9Lgthe+ 5N1kdu9LYOA1F8DvDW+CxyvR5fhPBuYtsIR/d2AFG9W/nMWwZ5WTi9DGIMITDrHuKszgC7vXxAgW Loe/VSoYgFjEMK4diavp2xP/18JIxZAgJruVAcf4xzcucZBp3F8bZ9jIG9YKDl/wYiA7OaAahjKS pZziIb9WxzVo8pO3vN/OUhnHR65ymMGc5Hz6mMtcnvFDiyxmvXq5sSbTMpq3rGb98pS/0H0zVefM Z/l6ucZt/rKQxzzoMn/0zH3+cf+dxUvkPEcZziWTc6JjvOgFN9rPj97zpPlcaRSTWdDVhLQfmAhh RG86xJ22sp2JqmcMmcSALjb1qSWcakJfusuZ1nHEOiDpWdMaz5ieMqA/PexC83U5BqBhqSnq6yfX 2s1RLnaoqUTqD8u62fZ9NqjX7Ogpi3pknESruMdN7nKb+9zoTre6werWrLYbq+++ary/YdC5YtvJ 2pY2t4Md6G9XCR3IA19gmec8yibvtPf+9Z/ZTGyGG1vfU8VYqeCCPsR0hLAwRHjCCZxvh9/6zq3u ayDMsUHSIsm0G1c0sHEtbI/vm+X9ptI3IP3Y2XLQg7ftdcq12/FuBxriAVbyYjb/sBGKN8O4HLr2 znfbc3433Oef9vcelnyBQ6zkVQRY4nUlofSlp7bpMH+6040tdT1QvQU697puwQ7yaLs84gfLctfV flm2s9rtUCe7punO8ZW3veV5//jdvb13vmfb74P/+dsZfWWf1tfw27X7Uxce+MaXd+6QZ6rktV32 j6U983XdPOInn2vHaxz0mBU95cc+bQxVO9bMRv1yVY931lteOcmGNZMxL3ub0h7wtoe7g+Ue+96v ffS/jzmGkt1i2OfW+F9HvvRXH3a9u37rzv8p9KNP/b8rvvKrJj3h6Xv67S81+WKvfutNb/7jdz/x 6fd+/OFvffa3H7Xof/jiGyzg/+LfP/TTV3vq93LyV3+X53//p3kBCHwDGH49dYDPl4AK+H7i933B x3jCpxyvt3sIKIFAlX+CV4FRRyWvNgPhtm4omIIquIIs2IIuCG8CtVYx2FYzqFXz1nl4cFwcaDzl 54HD1F2epn/gh4FEyH9akXsDwwiAtTyD1URKon0+mE3q1T8OuIAW2IBFqGJasYEYkD4zZHHEwGOE 8IRQGIXOZEdVSIEgeHsVUzoCNFpLontE0YFmmEtrmIYCWIDrdzEKsBgbJAG19UGVwHt1mFlWOH8i KIQXaGlsSDE+UUMTcENOGIGFaIeHqIhYyIh4OH4YIxDVxYVjSIeV2Ep3mIWqFv90ZiaKowhKpaiJ prhM5LeKxNSKQRiCD6hkflEM1qaKshhJtHiKrmiE21AaZ8cchNiLcfSLtkaA9LeHSvaGu0iJyPhJ yghtDKiHjagNfxiNZTiN1HiJtgiOzJiIzpgV25h9j+eNiSWOm3iF2NiOIxiL6kiK7PiK1uiOzZiN cXWM8zhF1bht8GiA/SeN/WiIaliPwViL+rgNuoiOPViQcvSPQJeQOSZzJsiPEFlHCKmQARmOIXcw u5YJGJmRPySR+8eRqPiMy0aQJDlHJjmEFAmLFrmS3diSdPSSi4iSwqiS3JiONumSGwmMOjmUFYkh E9GTD/mT/hiUy9iR43iL7DT/kkp5QjiZiUQpkxBYk1MpRlX5jvZ4bAOplVsJRl2Zj06ZgVHJU1X1 gmzZlm75lnBZVvMmQXP5PXV5H3cZHzfITMeTlGMJRGVJjk85XxeTE5uwhIJVcDlEhn75l9zElPeI iJxHbbmBAdYiARUnWSeXcY4JlAf5mXloll+Jg3eQbMVICX5BcgQUhwHhP7zYmYAJmQD5lROphVnR EKdJCKgwG9AYiJMolrCpkaB5jaIZk5EpkErmYRrgLkanbHehg4vJksEZm8OJj4J5lqNJJQogWxvA AAZwdVKhdTz2edNJlbJZm0KZnlgZlj5ZntQZmtdJmyepnoa2j6/pnigUmJMp/4/4KUX6KZukyTHk 2Z8i9J/VGY/2R6BQZKDwCZWpKJ0KakIMSpzxuZOzEFu5iQ1SGaH0M6HW6aDaMADCcZH3yaEQ5KGS SZgrJlpIaaLvSaEoipzbIKIHQaIQ6qInep7z2ZTZeSG2YqPAiaM5eqCY6JXGOZsWKgvI0Xw7GKRC ak46CpNXeZzluA3GI4bIsKFPuj0x6pGll5XtuaUP1KWD+ZHs2ZhiWj9kip1JGmdamqbXs6Y9mqBw OkJyeqQBWgeg2GMlWqcdGqU5SZ9Iapsz6pwO6ackdKdTCpZKFpIiuUpxGamSOqmU6pZ5CR2XWgmZ KgibGgh7uXyG2qT2hqhD2v+ggGqVgpqndLCnFLApBICYBEdYKRSmpMo78rSo6MmjR5qr9Vkw6xOJ kSUIv9pEaISmtZpGU3hGzKioqZoxAzAA/1ByrHlyfXqs/hQfBbCsp2qkuLqjvSoxvMmivokrA2qt NzZB2kqkXgqjAJoxEweJmAmdoXij5po/9JSupqquZZqvX1oxVhcSWCeev0mr9SpK97pqzKqrhGqf 9FqwnoauCLutxdmtUlqUZ+qw8XSwu+qtgyqovMqoD+qkGHuu2Rqx+sqmFBuo65mWDTuyXwaxG1ux CuuxHKuqGVOuLht2MJuyqDqzPkulC+mm1ZqzTrezNCuzQIuyzYoqlUpuSID/s0Qrgkb7sx1LtR/7 sf6WoVqgtb/wpuaKSFObtPKJtFUrtm2aEWfAtTkAtUQLtiUbsyprtjzLrRYLMWn7tF5rrW6Lr+x6 smMbtyCLJOQqEIQLAvLaA2qLA2ybs3trsvzat4/7oSqaCZSAAJaLAIR7jpQLjUCQuDewuC7buHDb s3J7tICbtZV7uZkrQBGhQZLQmi7iHYeLDXg7tFELf2Fbtrp7tRyLtR9QF5eLueqgQRsUQN5CdRn0 hsnLZLXbsrcrf7nLu2QrvYDru6iSupZbuPYhH66Ltq05KurhAp5rA6A7sqI7txNruqSru6i7vd0A LcO7vCyaQTfCot6Lds0r/7LPq7Nvi74V6r/7yWubS7zF2zBhYh/ngcDMewTli7Hnq750a7W9W7O/ e7cMnLfH+sASPL0TzMFk275lML7E57z7q8Glu8HV28GnW8FmIMI00MAOa8K7q8LrS73rC8Jk4MJA Gj1N28M+/MOUerA0KFUySMRD7FxFjMRHDF/3gcNjoMM0Oar7m2DRS8MRfMJYzL4sHMIh4J3J1gEe BqtNiF0HN8X26lB8K7l+O7pXHLhAMrh7YQy88Lshmbg0KodVtwuZKaxieDycacZU3L8QnL4oXMMU fL2EsEbDy7mIfL+NDMWJq7kYQD42Z3INY7u3K8M23MabTMhZ3L5qpL3K6/++f2i88dG9CuzIERK+ x2XHgYHHFrAMowyIOEeuGFyrmmzFnjzDHrzCiBzKizzKpWxz9TvMrevI8eu98svIHODFWFFaI3J0 kSivMFywudzLhozNnHzIApzIhRTMxCzMrAstxowejOwkB1wmUDww6CIBAkvGJPy815zC2rzLnfy/ dTvH3kxEwdy6xjzOBUzMyMsjaLtk9XvBmBy185zN9NzQDH3DLHzKCYzAw0zR27sTiwyd8rHRmYsP x5u/BAvIuCvIhbzN9YzPVOvEYrDOhyrSJJvGKbrGADy5dtvCIG2smayxMy3Tg4zS34rMK00CA2Cz EHPLpLrQJu3QSf3QbZz/tUBsVsbgqLxg1IiK1Pasyz7Ny748ky3q0mNWxSedsD+tpDuM0wqt0z0t 1m48jGXt1V9N0ll8z/9I1HPA0kWd0G2L1iV91WHdrvzp1gwH1krN14Od1dZLp4BdtHCt1UxN2I2d 1XR9RFTtp1Zt2Fg914WX2PwL00Xq2Ev92bsc2RVTzfVa2Wp92GBq1nmNxo4Lua6txpGLoKmt2YG9 2HItsZb9wZlN21Jr25eN2wE827y92a0N268d07Eto4eG14yr13H92zyd0lT11NRd3dadbkJsgzXo btsNg0as3d/N3eEtCKKNQTwlxaV9H2fMUZy9rsb93sjNiRZTEWKsmKFY/0GqHaHJekbwKNiPrdbl 7QcB0JxgOKzY9cfpnV/g5d+gnduFHdwWwySr2UGlxdwEWtm93d77etyd7eAQjSH98RAcEFrbOK7u O9lTieGmDdwsbqZZsQDFkAD2LQHvWlzTnHQW3p8q7tyM3eCYHXce8K/04s7WNZ4orpQ7ztps7NlM 7uFNjWUjrL9PmuTsXdzxDd8dDuEvHuMzvghH/pNU7loarrR77eShTSWr8sx8Gs8mGuZ6NOZ/+99+ jdgZzOMv69t9Hd3Prdt/rbd2PmwM3uQAvtu4/Oe1DedLbuaKDqIMK+VC6uaUhOg7ndzuLdsXa82G DnWBvugtTulBG2lfbv+TkL7pp83Ny7EWNBnSYjrqeP7gnc7hVboNptnWmK7kgSzpaf3qynchuEnr pZ3pio3rZf7jB6OcLf3rtv6wrS7net7jZ44h22nXU53j+Mnqwr7nrt7sAS4xpB2c1m7lWa7rV27p LOvoOPrtiT7ofV7nyf7S4F7p4d7sqH3pyF7lC77sPi7u8d6v5a7qW4rukw7rG47lsd7o/j7lwE7c 6a7v8F7w2qAADSmqa3ndFF/xPpzd4C3mSczES5xIG+/xHX9KHy/y8bHtbJAXK9mXMZzpetnuMKWp 8g7dno6WWnEAsEwBQl7fsorfK+/y590AQA/0uRwIQd8Apc7ny5ebyRb/Wnt8cQbM5hyqyXTp88bT 8jMf5/nu4lqxAF3eqpAw4boHHaHeklIfvKpr5wBg9pjL8AM/7so9MfHQm7XMddTunmWv9ncfvEe/ 1RHOKjYerzgO9fqN9mq/9lSf9ma/9x9+MXSBROFZ5AOb3xdO+HhP+XqPZ1Yv8GT+yYR+1JZ/+Ydf +QuHlzGf5/wesgf/6J9/9qGf+L2F+KB/9Quv9dvAqsZY9+WZ97Gv8QQl+tEG+6wv+wG/68tRgqku +Tq++tmr/BgF/Mtf+tl++sMo1dMu+PN4q8oOUM7//PYOU74vbNuv7heChMdf7WbE3/1t29tv+N0v U9//c+HP9pu/1rJg//sp0O2FaEdtH73rr/vcD/4QgOQEzl4HCnjdf7DCLI0DT08cS7RVMfY8CLq2 bzzXd773f2BQOMyZPIdWUrlkNp1PaFQ6pVat0BepsHlmM1vjBzAhezXc05iM8H7D4jV7pH0r27Hm HZ2fu1EzokDBQcJCQ583pKtFxkbHR8jIRzOwrrmzuge1Nco9OM4+vJA4vUyXUM+lUsvL1A7Aw1jZ WdrCREncXN1d3t6UVtekzszNMmBiUlTTYolVJ2e+VlMU6A/YWuxsbexbX+9v8PDvYWEA8/Nj6ji5 lcq0ZGkX+PbpNGVWenyY4Ott/3+AQLqJI1jQ4MFn6ag1YNiQ3Lt5F/8wqQMVj6Ixi9HyJczIpNqR gCFFjqQxEOFJlCnHKQxxzuXDURG1BGPGbiNEjDc93uOoUxVPEP1IDtWmYIE/kyqVLmV6Beanivto rnuaQiYdeVH31QsBdGfHn2BfESW7DYABpEGbrmXbNqxUZFcn4swp0V3MunaXXfXTc6s+vYCxyihb uNaBAWmtuWXcmG3VDjVt2p0q9y5UCl4xN9Nsp7Owz6fEPhBq2LQgAwAUH3Hc2vVJyJqostzMuV3l vIPp2vbpebTo3qBHlz5dPMgCBatfvWbefOXtuFpnRs89F2/m3zU/+g4O/K/fwISNjyef1Pl59I1i S14/G/pF7N21h6b/Rt/e7/rDye8vnujlfwADFHBAAgs08EAEE1RwQQYbdNDBYwJ0Dy4JLdugwtzc EJCvEhJUxkNpQKQHQOL4MzGkMABQJD0WW6SiPQupi48yGScLbzcbdfuqu/x4vC+4Ek8U8ofECNCE AwISACCBAJIrIgXSXJRyShdeos2qGOGbcTotc+wLx+2E87Er/H78Lqgh0xxiAdUIGCCAAGY4Z4EE dODAnOWo1FNKcxpiCEbpvsCtusuwzFCU2sL07sYdz2yUUZDUlPSHNitNcskiiwhjxT07dU7AKyOb kMYuc7Qu0dDmK5PMMcWwj1VHI510VjtLspWGBAZYsoaX1PL0V+bY/wtVtixxNLVQUQP98jreYuXO WTGhXVRHWWm1llca3gwgU13NeXIxYMN1TNj3jAWU0EGbhdTQLal9dt1o4Z122WqvtbZNNgE4igAG 6NwVB/PEFXgpcuEq9dx2T2VXXXeTPTSYeRF9t+GI+bH34kECHnhj2Ebl0txhCyYVzFQ5hLhHaVGW V+WGg8T45W9Z43jmlET+mFmGFXYY3RoVVbXVX1Z1VeiggYT5aEp9pXlpg2wWtMZj080ZWWIf3ktZ ieOlmGV6J+6aNKTD3kFjpsvmxWmdq+b54JBNvtpqwb6umKuhjRb7bhvINntvSdCm2m+po+65ZKxP NnPlw7dO/GuX8f++WG++I7cjQLbLxVnwyg0mOTu3J3fp1bpTXjzrxh2/FnLJUxdDANZbPyfzkS9H eGqpfe7cBT8bUJTrrOf+w3S8UVc99QD/9vhp2G+uDfPN5bs9DQBBL1p0WOEtHfhZhR8+8tmZl73t YnG2vfC325Wbd8Orbxl7sbXffu/u4wc/0LR/ltZ+efFXXP3zR7eYfaS5730c+8/81gYyyy1vduOD W5d2F5nPES0yn7keANMkwAEKDAC5k18CF0Y7qC2QcA1sXsr65BDpTVA/FoQZBjMIrAAZMGHGC58C Zeil3ulPbjrMYfQkqAkKsrCFSnuh2QAXwht6z4Ye3BnDdvg88Y3/0Hy9Q18mKihEE7mwiHs6YvKQ h0DNfY+JanNiDqGIKs6RL26kwyLGtLhFKnURjLFbYhjrSMcPMnCKEOMhH8/oNTa20V5vhKNSEuTF +h0vkTX8oBLzKMUy+lGNDrRPAVcoyHsRsZDByp3uWuc6PM1ReY3soB1JeUM9RrJ8qswKCdPAwSBi MpPg2uRrEkRD+uHygGI0ZRNBSMk0uhKNzpsk9CxpN1lmT5O1bIwceYlHXzoymqWEJhlxKElhPjKY e1zlNa2YTFol4gDjJGc5zXlOdKZTnetkZzvd+U54xlOe81znEdFpz3Pi05z6LCc/ydlHFd3TbekE KEEHKlDypROc/8o8Aj0d+lCIRlSiE6XoOP1pUUWCAaG53MBGeebRGXY0nwcdaUJB6k2DmrSkVttn mxZKliM94FJMchLAXtHSA9UTQTrNqToTxFMDAbVAPt3pSY8V0JUSCqn7zOhS+9nUlObSqf8kKVNV alWWnvQO5ojqFLn6z5caRltyMged7ESafXYSAJ90XT3VylYBfJWgb2WrXO9J109OtZ8b5CBc9fpP vvpprXV1K17b2tWE/fUAaFMsY32qyMZC9rFYiyxlJ3uoyh6qnhzaZ1gNYykl5Wps9+wpUYcq1AGx s6imPS1rCaTa0hI0tqQNKmoFBNvauja1tiURbl/L297q9rbA/f/PXj372VslSVd1KsmDnPtc6EZX utOlbnWte13sZle72xXQcU2jLW6dowiHcGnGyHteQ5TXvOlFry3aSwj1CiK+gZjvEOpr3/eu17tl yde++hXa8bLXvQIecIHhm1/5Ipi+CibCfYXgYIEwGL8E3q+aIBxhA+v3wBTWcIcTzOEPZzjEGyZx iT284ApL6sKUAjGKRexiE4/4xA2W8INrHIQV9yDHOr4xhlP8YyAHWchDJnKRjXxkJCdZyUtmcpOd /NJMCSIBBjAAcwXR30IEYMc60LK3BrEtfcHXy4PIl0wHMeU3DaJIMQ1ElKMshCJNucptpgGWiZAp LQuiSF3ecg3/EgPmfd2ZAOJ9srXYVAgDwKnPOQgAWgihpEKYtRAKCMAh4oRoGjgaNdm6cpvGSoRD 13nRBAh1ovO8pvI2GtQuhfSq62xlVBOA0mRu06ULfS9L11TKYSZEqNU8gDlnTAH/GkQHCqEkYgcC LadGsaVojC0YN8nFSgq0jUX94QEAG9Y4HvSwt81tI5n51tk7RLW/PGob6CoWmqZvpdkdCAUwANNu ejQAhr1eZ084ufom9YiZbW03oVu9744wANz94XiPO5zH1vWmCUBw+45Z2ZkmxAEOTog0Y5ziWb7i DTwNpzf7eNAfTkDDre1oiCOCVxIHN8oXbPGHY7vSCp8UumuQ/xqWD0HO3372manM8yAw4Ocv1vnQ aZ1xFNuZ3wLPNKEnvHMYMz1JRsev0IP9bJvTXOtb53rXvf51sIdd7GMne9nNfna0p13ta2d7293+ drjHXe5zp3uRz4H0uudd72Jv0wP8ta/EFMkoeyd84Zfs0rOcegF+L0nKDf94yB8X8QxYLK4WTwPE RF7zm/dsm0pu8DYxAADyfnjWOX961J+Oq026d3KRk3rYxx6THZd97W3/OKDfXve7533vff974Adf +MMnfvGNf3zkJ1/5y2d+853/fOhHX/rTp371rX997Gdf+9vnfve9/33wh1/84yd/+c1/fvSnX/3r Z3/7Lex0gP+JfOTkhb8s7lvfnI9t/rRQb/5XXv/4gzDVWDQAnAX/G7kcS8D4G7R8W8B92z8HG8AH zJsD5DH92z9wY8CV20AHvBVCq8BbQzwDM728MYsL9LgJrBUSDDAOrBX5c0F9W8EAi8AXhEFo87L7 K0EdxMAATEEIrAWBczYJRMAHlDgcnL8h7DoRxEHxWkLEG7P/0EAGdAloc0AoZMJKecInbC4tTMHy 8pYvPMIBZMIb/D8ubC4ebEL4C0Mq1EAJ/EAwVEMz7MAWhMMbLEAMtJQxjMMx/L89PEM3TK43REIt 7MP+m8Mp5MI9/MISjMJEfMQ/VMM37EJBREJb0UMPJMJLzEP/Hxy3LdRETMREThRCS+RBj2tDUszC TCxDU2zAHRxEHRzEIfzEWETDVnTFKQTDRvTABtRDUmxFW/zFI9REU6xCQyTGWVzFUhxGFJTFVWRG RYRGUezFXaRGS7RGVVxGF0RFWqxFItTFYlS4QkzGb2zCfSNHdOSBQrzGSzRHCgRHRQzHTUxCKkxG csxDd7xHW9xHTsxFdmRDZwRFFsxCcFzEdsRDXgxEEfRHXyzIUmzGb9xEgXzFejTHX6xCKWxIe+RF h5xGG5RIfYRAOQxJrevGVOxHRjzJhxzIWhTFItxBdlzAgPxHhczEhdzINLxIlARJgQzFmJyvm2zJ HixGITzGvHxjxJ7kSYDJRo90RZOcR2WsRI9MyqBsSh9cQpt8SW+ERa/jxnukxDUUyWf0QgrMSkKc QDKMR6f0SbWMyGC8Q4d8xDlkuXqMx0RkSkl8y5WUy4xMSGxBxVNkRUNMS41cRmnMxr4kxENsx7aM y3fkyLYsR4MsSGFEQUCUwsRMwzrERffjBq6TwZcCTZXrTOwRzfRDSNJMTdVcTdZsTdd8TdiMTdmc TdqsTdu8TdzMTd3cTd7sTd/8TeA0vggAADs= ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/gray_dot_thin.gif R0lGODlhAQAPAIAAAP///wAAACH5BAQUAP8ALAAAAAABAA8AAAIEhH+BUAA7 ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: application/octet-stream Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/images/acopdflogo.gif R0lGODlhGwAQAPcAAP//////zP//mf//Zv//M///AP/M///MzP/Mmf/MZv/MM//MAP+Z//+ZzP+Z mf+ZZv+ZM/+ZAP9m//9mzP9mmf9mZv9mM/9mAP8z//8zzP8zmf8zZv8zM/8zAP8A//8AzP8Amf8A Zv8AM/8AAMz//8z/zMz/mcz/Zsz/M8z/AMzM/8zMzMzMmczMZszMM8zMAMyZ/8yZzMyZmcyZZsyZ M8yZAMxm/8xmzMxmmcxmZsxmM8xmAMwz/8wzzMwzmcwzZswzM8wzAMwA/8wAzMwAmcwAZswAM8wA AJn//5n/zJn/mZn/Zpn/M5n/AJnM/5nMzJnMmZnMZpnMM5nMAJmZ/5mZzJmZmZmZZpmZM5mZAJlm /5lmzJlmmZlmZplmM5lmAJkz/5kzzJkzmZkzZpkzM5kzAJkA/5kAzJkAmZkAZpkAM5kAAGb//2b/ zGb/mWb/Zmb/M2b/AGbM/2bMzGbMmWbMZmbMM2bMAGaZ/2aZzGaZmWaZZmaZM2aZAGZm/2ZmzGZm mWZmZmZmM2ZmAGYz/2YzzGYzmWYzZmYzM2YzAGYA/2YAzGYAmWYAZmYAM2YAADP//zP/zDP/mTP/ ZjP/MzP/ADPM/zPMzDPMmTPMZjPMMzPMADOZ/zOZzDOZmTOZZjOZMzOZADNm/zNmzDNmmTNmZjNm MzNmADMz/zMzzDMzmTMzZjMzMzMzADMA/zMAzDMAmTMAZjMAMzMAAAD//wD/zAD/mQD/ZgD/MwD/ AADM/wDMzADMmQDMZgDMMwDMAACZ/wCZzACZmQCZZgCZMwCZAABm/wBmzABmmQBmZgBmMwBmAAAz /wAzzAAzmQAzZgAzMwAzAAAA/wAAzAAAmQAAZgAAMwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAAGwAQAAAIrQABCBw4 8ICDAwQTKlwokEIFglZYBQKwghUigYEkMgRQwQFBVhJBhlwxK5CVjRweDmR1EmTLjBsFpiQYyKTE iTVZrkCJcGCga6wA1BSakeXGEQ0+TiQKIGTMCiJUCtTYlOWsijsXHtjAsafQkwAistoZKGvCAyrR xozpgINHAAdGSF1LMO5BBw4QtB0h94BXhnpH/B3YlgOHwXUrVLDwlqHBmAdSNqa7ETFlhQEBADs= ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0 Content-Type: text/css; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/biosecurity01.css BODY { FONT-FAMILY: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } #homecontainer { WIDTH: 120px } #homecontainer UL { PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 14px; PADDING-BOTTOM: = 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none; TEXT-ALIGN: = center } #homecontainer A { PADDING-RIGHT: 3px; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 3px; PADDING-BOTTOM: = 3px; WIDTH: 120px; PADDING-TOP: 3px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #006600 } #homecontainer A:link { COLOR: #ffffff; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #homelist A:visited { COLOR: #ffffff; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #homecontainer A:hover { COLOR: #ffffff; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #009900 } #navcontainer { WIDTH: 120px } #navcontainer UL { PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 0px; FONT-SIZE: 12px; PADDING-BOTTOM: = 0px; MARGIN: 0px; PADDING-TOP: 0px; LIST-STYLE-TYPE: none; TEXT-ALIGN: = center } #navcontainer A { PADDING-RIGHT: 2px; DISPLAY: block; PADDING-LEFT: 2px; FONT-WEIGHT: = normal; PADDING-BOTTOM: 2px; WIDTH: 120px; PADDING-TOP: 2px; = BACKGROUND-COLOR: #999999 } #navcontainer A:link { COLOR: #ffffff; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #navlist A:visited { COLOR: #ffffff; TEXT-DECORATION: none } #navcontainer A:hover { COLOR: #333399; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #cccccc } .section { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 18px; COLOR: #666666 } .title { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 22px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; COLOR: #000000 } .subheading { FONT-SIZE: 18px; MARGIN-LEFT: 10px; COLOR: #000000 } P { FONT-SIZE: 14px; MARGIN-LEFT: 15px; TEXT-INDENT: 0pt; MARGIN-RIGHT: = 15px } UL { FONT-SIZE: 14px } TABLE { FONT-SIZE: 14px; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0px } .return { FONT-SIZE: 11px; COLOR: #999999 } A { FONT-WEIGHT: bold } .print { FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; COLOR: #666666; TEXT-DECORATION: = none } .copyright { FONT-SIZE: 10px; COLOR: #666666 } ------=_NextPart_000_002D_01C504B5.CB4055F0--