From: Subject: PNAS -- Selected Abstracts Date: Mon, 5 Jul 2004 08:30:28 +0300 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0033_01C4626A.539A40D0"; type="text/html" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2800.1409 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0033_01C4626A.539A40D0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="Windows-1252" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.pnas.org/cgi/gca?allch=&SEARCHID=1089004715352_5080&FULLTEXT=avian+influenza&FIRSTINDEX=0&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&gca=pnas%3B0403212101v1&allchb= PNAS -- Selected Abstracts =
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= H. Chen, G.=20 Deng, Z. Li, G. Tian, Y. Li, P. Jiao, L. Zhang, Z. Liu, R. G. Webster, = and K.=20 Yu=20
The evolution of H5N1 influenza viruses in ducks in = southern=20 China
PNAS published July 2, 2004, = 10.1073/pnas.0403212101=20

Abstract 1 of 1 =

Microbiology
The evolution = of H5N1=20 influenza viruses in ducks in southern China

H. Chen *3D{dagger}=203D{ddagger}=20, G. Deng *3D{dagger}=20, Z. Li *, G. Tian = *,=20 Y. Li *, P. Jiao *, L. Zhang *, Z. Liu *, R. G. = Webster=20 3D{sect}, and = K. Yu *=B6=20

*Animal Influenza Laboratory of the Ministry of = Agriculture and=20 3D{dagger}National=20 Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research=20 Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 427 Maduan Street, = Harbin=20 150001, People's Republic of China; and 3D{sect}=20Division of Virology, = Department=20 of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, = TN=20 38105

Contributed by R. G. Webster, May 21, 2004

The pathogenicity of avian H5N1 influenza viruses to = mammals has=20 been evolving since the mid-1980s. Here, we demonstrate that = H5N1=20 influenza viruses, isolated from apparently healthy domestic = ducks=20 in mainland China from 1999 through 2002, were becoming=20 progressively more pathogenic for mammals, and we present a=20 hypothesis explaining the mechanism of this evolutionary = direction.=20 Twenty-one viruses isolated from apparently healthy ducks in = southern=20 China from 1999 through 2002 were confirmed to be H5N1 = subtype=20 influenza A viruses. These isolates are antigenically similar = to=20 A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96 (H5N1) virus, which was the source of = the 1997=20 Hong Kong "bird flu" hemagglutinin gene, and all are highly=20 pathogenic in chickens. The viruses form four pathotypes on = the basis=20 of their replication and lethality in mice. There is a clear = temporal=20 pattern in the progressively increasing pathogenicity of = these=20 isolates in the mammalian model. Five of six H5N1 isolates = tested=20 replicated in inoculated ducks and were shed from trachea or = cloaca,=20 but none caused disease signs or death. Phylogenetic analysis = of=20 the full genome indicated that most of the viruses are = reassortants=20 containing the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/96-like hemagglutinin gene = and the other genes from unknown Eurasian avian influenza = viruses.=20 This study is a characterization of the H5N1 avian influenza=20 viruses recently circulating in ducks in mainland China. Our=20 findings suggest that immediate action is needed to prevent = the=20 transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses = from the=20 apparently healthy ducks into chickens or mammalian=20 hosts.

3D{ddagger}To=20 whom correspondence should be addressed at: Harbin Veterinary Research=20 Institute, 427 Maduan Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of = China.

=B6Present address: National Animal Husbandry and = Veterinary Service=20 of the Ministry of Agriculture, 20 Maizidian Street, Beijing 100026, = People's=20 Republic of China.

H. Chen, E-mail: hlchen1@yahoo.com

www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.0403212101 =

[Reprint=20 (PDF) Version of Chen et al.]=20

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Copyright=20 =A9 2004 by the National Academy of Sciences=20

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